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Ray is an AI compute engine. Prior to version 2.52.0, developers working with Ray as a development tool can be exploited via a critical RCE vulnerability exploitable via Firefox and Safari. This vulnerability is due to an insufficient guard against browser-based attacks, as the current defense uses the User-Agent header starting with the string "Mozilla" as a defense mechanism. This defense is insufficient as the fetch specification allows the User-Agent header to be modified. Combined with a DNS rebinding attack against the browser, and this vulnerability is exploitable against a developer running Ray who inadvertently visits a malicious website, or is served a malicious advertisement (malvertising). This issue has been patched in version 2.52.0.

• https://github.com/ray-project/ray/security/advisories/GHSA-q279-jhrf-cc6v x_refsource_CONFIRM
• https://github.com/ray-project/ray/commit/70e7c72780bdec075dba6cad1afe0832772bfe09 x_refsource_MISC
• https://www.bitsight.com/blog/rondodox-botnet-infrastructure-analysis third-party-advisory
• https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-62593 government-resource